Consistence between the English Criminal Justice and Article 6 of the European Convention of Human Rights
Dissertation - 8 pages - Droit pénal
The United Kingdom was one of the original parties to the European Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR). States which contract into the ECHR are obliged to secure the enjoyment of Convention rights for their citizens. Sometimes positive actions may be required as creation,...
Massachussets versus Environmental Protection Agency
Commentaire d'arrêt - 4 pages - Droit international
This decision dealt with environmental matters and was regarded as one of the most important environmental Supreme Court decisions in years. If one in the present age delves into this case, the insights would have a grave impact on the pollution control and globalization boom. The case...
Judicial Power: A third and co-equal branch, judicial review and independence
Dissertation - 3 pages - Droit constitutionnel
In the Constitution, the Supreme Court's specificity finds its origin in the adaptation of the British Common Law's legacy to the American federalism. And, the law's superiority or the 'Rule of Law' implies a strong Judicial System. Indeed, the United States seems to...
Vienna Convention on consular relations
Commentaire d'arrêt - 9 pages - Droit international
THE HAGUE, 10 March 2005. Today the International Court of Justice, the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, delivered its Judgment in the case concerning Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (Paraguay v. United States of America). On 3 April 1998, the Republic of Paraguay...
Conflict of laws and Crossborder litigation - The slavery issue and the conflict of laws
Dissertation - 6 pages - Histoire du droit
In the field of the conflict of laws, slavery is often perceived as the most difficult question which the courts had to face. Indeed, it is hard to have an indifferent view on the issue, as it involves matters of philosophical, humanitarian, moral, political and economic considerations,...
Legal structures for business
Dissertation - 13 pages - Droit des affaires
The British courts have not strictly maintained the Salomon principle of separateness, or the idea of the incorporation. Critically discuss the cases where the apparent failure to maintain the Salomon principle has occured, the reasons why this has occured and the current legal position...
Medellin v. Texas
Commentaire d'arrêt - 3 pages - Droit international
Medellin v. Texas is a Supreme Court decision dealing with the obligation of the American states to comply with a judgment of the International Court of Justice concerning the legal rights of people convicted in those states. Hence, what is at stake here is the issue of whether or...
Essay on human rights
Dissertation - 10 pages - Droit international
"Imagine that you are creating a fabric of human destiny with the object of making men happy in the end [...], but that it was essential and inevitable to torture to death only one tiny creature [...], would you consent to be the architect on those conditions?". There, Fyodor Dostoevsky asked...
The question of certain expenses of the United Nations (Article 17 paragraph 2)
Dissertation - 8 pages - Droit international
The issues with regard to certain expenses related to United Nations (Article 17 paragraph 2) had been taken to the International Court of Justice for an advisory opinion by the 1731 XVI resolution adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations of 20th December 1961. The...
Primacy / Supremacy of European Community Law against Sovereignty of the Member States
Mémoire - 25 pages - Droit européen
Today the European Union (EU) consists of 27 Member States; it reaches from the Atlantic coast of Western Europe all the way to the Black Sea of Eastern Europe. In the European Union, the most important and closest collaboration between the Member States happens via the European Community (EC)....
How has the Buckley v. Valeo decision affected campaign finance legislation and litigation?
Étude de cas - 8 pages - Droit autres branches
The Supreme Court by its recent decision Randall v. Sorrell of the 26th of June 2006 struck down a law of the state of Vermont which severely limited the amount of money a candidate for state offices can raise and spend. The Supreme Court's rationale was based on the violation by...
CAVEJ L1 Anglais juridique
Cours - 222 pages - Droit autres branches
Wales remained a separate entity from England until the 16th century. Wales is composed of a number of principalities (principautés) with distinct characteristics. Those differences resulted in various conflicts until the middle Ages. Fortunately, in 1536, the Act of Union integrated together...
Regulations: Direct applicability and Direct effect
Dissertation - 8 pages - Droit européen
Article 249 of the European Community Treaty provides that Regulations shall be directly applicable in all Member States. Does this mean that they are also necessarily directly effective? As notices Josephine Steiner , this question is of paramount concern to EC lawyers. If a provision of EEC law...
Discuss the analysis and significance of the abduction and trial of Eichmann from an international law perspective, with reference to legal writing
Dissertation - 8 pages - Droit international
First, we will discuss whether the principle known as "the fruit of the poisonous tree? in the United States must be applied to the abduction of Adolf Eichmann or not. The violation of International law was "clear? according to Louis Henkin in 1968 but one cannot deny that the end justifies the...
What are the various means allowing the pacific regulation of the disputes?
Dissertation - 4 pages - Droit international
The Hague Peace Conference of 1899, marked a new phase in the history of international arbitration. It ended by adopting a Convention on the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes, which dealt not only with arbitration but also with other methods of pacific settlement. Then the league of...
Ghaidan v Godin-Mendoza case analysis
Commentaire d'arrêt - 4 pages - Droit autres branches
In the United Kingdom, where there is no written Constitution, the section 3 of the Human Rights Act 1998 has given the courts the prerogative to read and give effect to statutes “in a way which is compatible with the Convention rights ”. If it cannot be done so, the section 4(2)...
Human Rights Law: Essay on the Human Rights Act
Dissertation - 4 pages - Droit autres branches
The State's "margin of appreciation" doctrine is a fundamental component of the European Convention system of Protection of Human Rights. While human rights are not a state's private area of jurisdiction, the idea of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) is that this statute...
La Cour africaine des droits de l'homme et des peuples
Mémoire - 105 pages - Droit international
Le concept des droits de l'homme a aujourd'hui trouvé sa place dans notre société pour définir les droits inaliénables, intransgressibles et intrinsèques que disposent les individus, indistinctement de leur race, sexe, religion, ethnie, entre autres. De l'antiquité à la période moderne, les...
Justices turn to rights of defendants
Commentaire de texte - 3 pages - Droit international
Nowadays, choosing a lawyer, and finding how to defend one-self, is more and more essential, as the lawyers have the fate of the defendants in their hands. But what happens when the defendant is not satisfied with his lawyer, or when the lawyer does not do his job properly? Are lawyers and...
Ending contractual obligations: factors and discharge
Dissertation - 11 pages - Droit des obligations
The common law has always taken the view that people enter into contract voluntarily. It follows that if the contract was made without full knowledge of the facts, or if a person was forced to make a contract against his or her will, a court would consider that contract to be banned. The...
The Right to Strike within the Dutch Industrial Peace in the Light of International Conventions
Étude de cas - 9 pages - Droit du travail
The Dutch Constitution was updated in 1983 and now contains a list of fundamental social rights. The recognition of those rights, even though it is late, has had a strengthened impact on the fundamental rights concerning the labor law in the Netherlands. Furthermore, since the 1960's, the...
Rompilla versus Beard
Dissertation - 5 pages - Droit pénal
Rompilla v. Beard is a recent decision of the Supreme Court of the United States about effectiveness of the trial counsel. The case started with a murder matter. Rompilla is sentenced to death by the Court of Pennsylvania, for the murder of James Scanlon in 1988, committed by...
UK Company Law: Minority Shareholders Protection
Étude de cas - 7 pages - Droit international
Northwest Transportation Company Ltd v Beatty (1887): the case involving ratifying breach of duty regarding self-dealing. The courts held that controlling shareholder-director can vote in favour of ratifying the breach. However, there are two restrictions: (i) directors cannot commit...
The application of the European Arrest Warrant in the United Kingdom and its use in the fight against terrorism.
Dissertation - 6 pages - Droit européen
The European Arrest Warrant (EAW) is a judicial decision issued by a Member State with a view to the arrest and surrender by another Member State of a requested person, for the purposes of conducting a criminal prosecution or executing a custodial sentence or detention order.' The EAW is...
Contracts and tort law - Causation and loss of chance
Dissertation - 10 pages - Droit des obligations
When it comes to tort or contract litigation in the aim of obtaining damages, the most important aspect to take into account is the issue of causation. Indeed, without proving a causal link between the defendant's action and the claimant's harm, no liability can be held. This rigor is a means of...
Cases study - Gebhard, Vlassopoulo and Klopp
Étude de cas - 9 pages - Droit européen
Case 1 - Mr. Gebhard was a German lawyer: he was a member of the Stuttgart Bar as ‘independent collaborator' and did not have any chamber there. He pursued a professional activity in Italy since 1978, initially as a collaborator in a set of chambers of lawyers practising in association in...
Community and the French constitution
Thèse - 4 pages - Droit constitutionnel
This quotation makes truly central the question of the relations between Community Law and national laws. Community Law enjoys the privilege of primacy over national laws, as a result of the Costa judgment of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) in 1964. In contrast with ordinary...
Consider the extent to which international law is law, or 'really law' or 'law properly so-called' with reference to legal and other theorists
Dissertation - 7 pages - Droit international
Charlotte Ku and Paul F. Diehl noticed that at first sight, ‘International' and ‘Law' sound contradictory: “how can one imagine a structured and developed legal system functioning in a political environment that is diffused, disparated, unregulated and conventionally described as...
Global litigation and conflict of laws
Cours - 5 pages - Droit international
Whether A can have the Belgian court cease the proceedings pending before it on the basis that parallel proceedings are pending in France depends on whether the case at hand fulfills the criteria of parallel proceedings, which is that the proceedings must involve “the same cause of...
International Criminal Tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia and for Rwanda
Dissertation - 3 pages - Droit international
After WWII, the world realized the madness of mankind: although the Jewish genocide wasn't the first one in history, it was the first one which the international community became really aware of. In order to punish the terrible war crimes, 2 international military tribunals were created: one...
