Le régime présidentiel aux États-Unis - publié le 20/09/2024
Cours - 13 pages - Droit constitutionnel
L'État fédéral consiste, aux États-Unis, en la préservation des prérogatives des États membres. La Constitution, pour cela, a associé le Sénat, où sont représentés les États (deux sénateurs par État), à certaines décisions du président. En matière de politique étrangère, on a une implication...
Comment les États fédérés ont-ils réussi à préserver un espace de gouvernance propre tout en acceptant la suprématie fédérale sur certains enjeux d'intérêt national ?
Dissertation - 5 pages - Droit constitutionnel
Historiquement, le fédéralisme américain trouve ses racines dans les premières années de l'indépendance des États-Unis. Après la Révolution américaine, les treize colonies se sont unies sous les Articles de la Confédération en 1781. Cependant, ce système s'est rapidement révélé inefficace...
Peut-on encore parler de gouvernement des juges pour la Cour suprême américaine ?
Dissertation - 3 pages - Droit constitutionnel
La Cour suprême est la dénomination officielle de certaines hautes juridictions, et plus spécialement pour le sujet, de la haute juridiction américaine. Sur la structure objective, une cour suprême est placée au sommet d'une pyramide juridictionnelle (à l'image du Conseil d'État ou de...
Le président des États-Unis est-il plus puissant que le Congrès ?
Dissertation - 4 pages - Droit constitutionnel
Le président de la République désigne le chef d'État des pays ayant choisi une Constitution républicaine. Le président de la République incarne l'autorité de l'État. Il veille, par son arbitrage, au respect de la Constitution. Il assure le fonctionnement normal des pouvoirs publics et...
Dans quelle mesure le chef d'État des États-Unis est-il un Président incontesté ?
Dissertation - 7 pages - Droit constitutionnel
La présidence américaine existe de façon ininterrompue depuis l'assermentation à New York de son premier titulaire, George Washington, le 30 avril 1789. À ce jour, 43 individus, tous des hommes blancs avant Barack Obama, l'ont exercée pendant des périodes variables. La plus brève...
Faut-il craindre le gouvernement des juges ?
Dissertation - 2 pages - Droit constitutionnel
Dans les années 30, Edouard Lambert utilise pour la première fois cette expression à propos de la Cour suprême américaine quand celle-ci a essayé de censurer le New Deal de Roosevelt. Le gouvernement des juges renvoie à la situation dans laquelle le juge crée le droit au lieu de...
English legal system: the Sources of English Law
Cours - 87 pages - Droit constitutionnel
The judicial decisions are the first to be found to develop a system. Today, they are still influencing the system as a whole. Judicial decisions have a weight that their continental counter part does not have. In England, under certain requirements, decisions are biding the judge with the...
Standard Oil of New Jersey v. U.S., 221 U.S. 1 (1911)
Commentaire d'arrêt - 21 pages - Droit autres branches
La question posée à la Cour Suprême dans l'arrêt Standard Oil of New Jersey v. United States est une question d'interprétation législative. Plus particulièrement, il s'agissait pour la Cour d'interpréter les sections 1 et 2 du Sherman Antitrust Act, ou loi Sherman, sur...
The difficult application of canadian criminal law in Nunavut
Thèse - 57 pages - Droit international
With its creation in 1999, the new territory of Nunavut hoped to solve the social and economical problems it was facing. For the second time in the history of the Poles, indigenous people were given the right by the government to decide their future. The first Inuit to be recognized were...
Three Case Studies of Business Law
Dissertation - 7 pages - Droit des affaires
In the first situation, we can identify three main issues. First of all, the order arrived a few days late. Then the Buyer asserts that the MP3 Players were damaged by moisture by the ship's hull. These two problems are linked to each other: the Buyers wants us to cut the sell price from...
Comparative study - sociological and legal perspective over the national and the EU policies in France, Sweden and Spain
Étude de cas - 13 pages - Droit européen
Professional immigration in France is organised in such a manner to complete the needs of companies and to be adapted to France's accommodation and working capacities, while taking into consideration economic situation in the country. France does not formally distinguish immigrants on the ground...
The wearing of burqa in France
Dissertation - 8 pages - Libertés publiques
First, it is important to precise the definition of burqa, the term 'niqab' would rather be used instead since it is the appropriate designation of the garment used in France by the Muslim community. The situation popped up in 1994 in France when some girls wore the veil to school. The...
Implementation of European Law in a federal state: The Belgian case between coherence and autonomy
Fiche - 9 pages - Droit européen
‘Ultimately the impact of EU rules depends on the willingness and capacity of Member States authorities to ensure that they are transposed and enforced effectively and fully and on time' (Graver) . This statement from the European Commission in its White Paper on Governance deals...
The distribution of power an its future evolution in the European decision making institutions
Dissertation - 12 pages - Droit européen
How is the power shared in the main European decision making institutions and how will it change with the near enlargement and the ratification of new institutional treaties? This paper analyzes the distribution of power in the European Commission, the Council of Ministers and the European...
Introduction to the Challenges of European and French Law in Legal Informatics
Dissertation - 15 pages - Droit européen
The " new technologies " which appeared thirty years ago and are characterized by a considerable development are subject to fundamental legal questions. The definition of new technologies remains vague and includes the information and communication technologies. The information and...
To what extent have developments in individual rights in Britain delivered family friendly working practices, and with what implications for all relevant stakeholders
Dissertation - 7 pages - Droit des affaires
Since New Labour came to power in May 1997 some developments in employments rights have aimed to promote the balancing between work and family life: “Families are the core of our society, but they are under pressure. Women and men struggle with choices over work and family...
"An English court should solve problems of characterisation by applying the only concepts with which it is familiar, namely those of the forum." Discuss the proposition critically with reference to decided cases
Dissertation - 7 pages - Droit autres branches
The English conflict of laws is a body of rules whose purpose is to assist an English court to deal with cases tried before it which contain a foreign element. It consists of three main topics: (i) the jurisdiction of an English court, in the sense of its competence to hear and determine a...
Principles and Practices of Consumer's Protection within the European Union
Dissertation - 19 pages - Droit européen
The objective of the European Union is to protect the health, safety and the economic well-being of its citizens. In this regard, it is the responsibility of the EU to promote the right to information, help in safeguarding the interests and encourage the member states to set up consumer...
Justices turn to rights of defendants
Commentaire de texte - 3 pages - Droit international
Nowadays, choosing a lawyer, and finding how to defend one-self, is more and more essential, as the lawyers have the fate of the defendants in their hands. But what happens when the defendant is not satisfied with his lawyer, or when the lawyer does not do his job properly? Are lawyers and...
An evaluation of the harmonised treatment of unfair commercial practices
Étude de cas - 17 pages - Droit autres branches
The Unfair Commercial Practices Directive 2005/29/EC (referred to as “the Directive”) has been adopted by the European Parliament and the Council on May 11th 2005 following the Commission's Green Paper on Consumer Protection of the European Union (EU)which set the grounds for the...
What are the various means allowing the pacific regulation of the disputes?
Dissertation - 4 pages - Droit international
The Hague Peace Conference of 1899, marked a new phase in the history of international arbitration. It ended by adopting a Convention on the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes, which dealt not only with arbitration but also with other methods of pacific settlement. Then the...
Public international law - the problems associated with the proliferation of international judicial bodies
Dissertation - 7 pages - Droit international
Since the end of the Cold War, a new phenomenon in international law has surfaced: the proliferation of international judicial bodies as a consequence of the increasing number of treaties. More than just a numeral observation, there have been changes concerning the nature and competences...
The legal professions in the English legal system: barristers, solicitors and magistrates
Cours - 7 pages - Droit autres branches
First, we must know there is a separation in the legal profession of lawyer, there are: - barristers: (avocat, conseiller juridique) who work exclusively in the bar (à la barre du tribunal) to defend their clients. - and solicitors (notaire, avoué) who work on the administrative aspects of the...
The role (present and future) of the European Court of Justice in the protection of asylum-seekers in the European Union
Dissertation - 13 pages - Droit international
The European Court of Justice has laid down a legal Act pertaining to the judicial protection towards asylum seekers. However, this act is not completely flawless. Even if all the Member States ratify the new constitution and it be made effective thereafter, the future of the asylum...
Critically discuss the contributions of the Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL) movement to international legal scholarship
Dissertation - 6 pages - Droit international
After the World War II and its atrocities, a new international institution, the United Nations (UN) was created in 1945 to focus on the new challenges faced by the international community. One of the major challenges was the wave of decolonization which started between the two World...
The Implementation of the Third Pillar of the European Union in Hungary
Dissertation - 13 pages - Droit européen
Hungary acceded to the European Union on the 1st May 2004, thus it is one of the newer member states of the organization. In this paper we are going to introduce the Hungarian implementation of five (former) third pillar issues. We will examine the legal background of these areas of justice-and...
International Business Law in Ecuador
Thèse - 10 pages - Droit international
In this document, we shall present an overview of Ecuador and its laws along with recommendations on entering the Ecuadorian market. As an exporter of main products, Ecuador is an interesting target for foreign investors and that could permit the development of the country. For several years,...
International Criminal Court
Cours - 19 pages - Droit international
The International Criminal Court (ICC) is the only independent and permanent court which deals with the most serious crimes committed by people, which are genocide, crime of aggression, war crimes and crimes against humanity. The ICCs based on the Rome Statute of the International Criminal...
The European Services Directive
Dissertation - 7 pages - Droit européen
The European Services Directive has been one of the most controversial projects of European Law. Drafted by the Prodi European Commission in 2004, it became a core issue in the French debate over the European Constitution one year later despite its being juridically quite unrelated to the Treaty....
Criminology and criminal justice system
Dissertation - 7 pages - Droit pénal
This paper will discuss the following statement:"According to the White Paper Justice for All, the Government has succeeded in increasing prison capacity by 18 per cent, and has improved conditions inside prisons. £20 million has been invested to boost prisoners' learning facilities, and a...
