Over the centuries, the religions and philosophies of the whole world firmly followed the act of taking away human life. The international law of Human Rights tried in its turn to change this perspective with a number of treaties to protect human life against the arbitrary actions of different states. Though it is there, the right to life is not as inviolable as it can appear at first glance. In a number of situations, states can deprive individuals of their life without the International law of Human Rights raising disputation, the death penalty being an example. So, the usage of violence is tolerated in the case of self-defence, other than the killing of civilians and prisoners in times of war. The legislation on Human Rights tries therefore to answer a myriad of ethical dilemma linked to the right to life by establishing bans and exhortations.
[...] - Geneva Conventions relating to the protection of the civil persons in times of war of 1949 in its article 3 ; For the UNION AFRICAN, these are in most cases : - African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights of 1981 in its article 4 which is the main African instrument of human rights protects the right to life. For the EUROPEAN COUNCIL and the EUROPEAN UNION, it is of : - European Convention on Human rights and the fundamental Freedoms of 1949 which protects the right to life and stipulates “that deprivation of life shall not be regarded as inflicted in contravention of this article when it results from the use of force which is no more than absolutely necessary : in defence of any person from unlawful violence; in order to effect a lawful arrest or to prevent the escape of a person lawfully detained; in action lawfully taken for the purpose of quelling a riot or insurrection”. [...]
[...] The list of these rights is not identical from a Treaty to the other one but four rights are systematically named and form what some people called the hard core of the human right It is about the prohibition of the Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatments, about the ban of slavery, not retroactivity of criminal law (that is to say they cannot sentence an act or a fact that was not forbidden in epoch but that is it today) and of course the right to life. In the strict sense, the right to life protects the human being against attacks in bodily integrity on behalf of another person. It is therefore in most cases about the ban of murder. [...]
[...] These acts are not only illegal and unwarrantable : they are also likely to be exploited by the terrorists, this type of acts helps these last to recruit supporters and to perpetuate a climate of violence. So, human rights cannot be sacrificed to the advantage of the conflict against terrorism. There is nothing incompatible between the defence of human rights and the conflict against terrorism. States therefore have to watch to respect the borders which imposes the international law as regards recourse on force. [...]
[...] Euthanasia and suicide are so forbidden. The man cannot decide to die because he would make a cursing then by disavowing the donation of God. International and regional Instruments of Protection and Promotion International Juridical instruments can take the form of a convention (or treated) which link the contracting States, aforementioned text having become final and genuine when it is signed by the representatives of States. Having an obligatory force, no State should power to infringe it and these instruments can be used to force governments to respect the clauses of the treaty concerning the right to life. [...]
[...] The prohibitions of the right to life are murder, death penalty, termination of pregnancy, euthanasia, war and suicide. - Europe through the European Convention of human rights and its article 2 favours cross-checking between right to life and death penalty. So, even if this article is only restricting the right to the death penalty, the actual protocols forbid the death penalty in practically all Europe in the name of the right to life. In a general way, they can note that the notion of right to life in national legislation means the ban of the death penalty. [...]
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