The role (present and future) of the European Court of Justice in the protection of asylum-seekers in the European Union

Marie B.

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The role (present and future) of the European Court of Justice in the protection of asylum-seekers in the European Union

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The European Court of Justice has laid down a legal Act pertaining to the judicial protection towards asylum seekers. However, this act is not completely flawless. Even if all the Member States ratify the new constitution and it be made effective thereafter, the future of the asylum seekers along the European Union will still be bleak. The main component is the attitude of the court towards the Judicial Protection Act which will depict the future of the asylum seekers. Therefore, one can only hope that the Court will, in the future, institute a jurisprudence which is more dynamic and vitalizing in this area.

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The exclusion of the Court's jurisdiction by the Maastricht Treaty
1. A strong reaction against the Court's competence
2. A missed opportunity to extent the Court's competence
The first step of a limited role for the ECJ with the Amsterdam Treaty
1. The recognition of the Court's role in the asylum and immigration issues
2. A status still assorted of exceptions
3. A wider consideration of Human Rights
The hope of a wider role with the new constitutional treaty
1. A real recognition of a major role for the ECJ in the protection of asylum seekers
2. The risk of a contradiction of jurisprudence with the European Court of Human Rights

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[...] Even if the new constitution is ratified by all the Member States and then, enters into force, the future reality of the protection of asylum seekers in the European Union will depend a lot of the attitude of the Court. One can only hope that the Court will, in the future, create a jurisprudence more dynamic in this area. BIBLIOGRAPHY CASES Case 36/75 Rutili (1975) ECR 1219. http://europa.eu.int/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi celexplus prod CELEXnumdo c&lg=en&numdoc=61975J0036 Case 53/81 Levin (1982) ECR http://europa.eu.int/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi celexplus prod CELEXnumdo c&lg=en&numdoc=61981J0053 Joined Case 281 and 283-287/1985 Germay and others v. [...]

[...] European Union document : 50 questions and answers on the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe http://europa.eu.int/constitution/download/ecas_en.pdf page 18 Sénat Constitution européenne, comparaison avec les traités en vigueur http://www.senat.fr/rap/rapport_constitution/rapport_constitution_mono.html #toc0 Part Title II : Comment. [80]This adhesion will not change any competence of the Union but it will submit the EU at the jurisdiction of another international tribunal : the European Court of Human Rights. Indeed, in the future, decision of the European Court of Justice may be subordinated to an interpretation of the European Court of Human Rights Sénat Constitution européenne, comparaison avec les traités en vigueur http://www.senat.fr/rap/rapport_constitution/rapport_constitution_mono.html# toc0 Part Title II : Comment. [...]

[...] This adhesion will submit the EU at the jurisdiction of another international tribunal : the European Court of Human Rights. In the future, decision of the European Court of Justice may therefore be subordinated to an interpretation of the European Court of Human Rights[79]. Indeed, with the adhesion of the EU to the European Convention on Human Rights, the EC measures on asylum will be submitted to the jurisprudence of the European Court, not only to the text of the Convention anymore. [...]

[...] GROENENDIJK The competence of the EC Court of Justice with respect with intergovernmental Treaties on Immigration and Asylum, in International Journal of Refugee Law, volume 4 number page 531 Erika FELLER, Volker TURK and Frances NICHOLSON : Refugee Protection in International Law : UNHCR's Global Consultations on International Protection, Cambridge editions. Pages Elspeth GUILD and Steve PEERS: Deference or Defiance? The Court of Justice's Jurisdiction over Immigration and Asylum. In Implementing Amsterdam (Guild and Harlow Eds) page 267. R. BANK, The Emergent European Union Policy on Asylum and Refugees Nordic Journal of International Law pp. [...]

[...] The Court of Justice's Jurisdiction over Immigration and Asylum. In Implementing Amsterdam (Guild and Harlow Eds) page 282 I. Boccardi Europe and refugees-Towards an EU Asylum Policy, The Hague; London: Kluwer Law International, 2002: The IGC and the Amsterdam Treaty page 137 decisive gap may open as regards the harmonised application of European law in this policy area by unified interpretation. It is not guaranteed that an interpretative problem will be decided upon by the ECJ as soon as it becomes practical. [...]

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