The debates and referendums on the project of European Constitution will contribute greatly to give birth to a real European public opinion. The new generation of EU institutions will therefore have to serve not only the historic actors of the European construction - administrations and government-, and the big economic players; they will also have to serve the expectations of these 500 million citizens who come from many diverse cultures. The EU democratization, and the organization of the political and administrative efficiency, will be at the core of the work conducted in the 2020 session. It will be aimed at contributing to the invention of tomorrow's European institutions.
[...] The party of European Socialists is center-left. The two large parties have tended to broad agreement on many issues and know that of they do not work together, the big things will not get done. For examples of disagreements - the European Peoples Party opposes "tax harmonization" across the member states and also the 35 hour work per week. The Court of Justice The Court of Justice, sitting in Luxembourg, is the community's "Supreme Court". It ensures that treaties are interpreted and applied correctly by other EU institutions and by the member states. [...]
[...] It is only when Coreper has reached agreement or near agreement that proposals are passed to the Council for discussion. there are 3 kinds of voting's in the Council, based on unanimity (for matters of great importance), simple majority with one member one vote (for minor questions) and qualified majority with member states having votes in proportion to their size (for most issues). There are 87 total votes weighted for qualified majority voting, and a majority of 62 is needed to pass a proposal The European Commission Composition The Commission is composed about 20 Commissioners each from the big states (France, Germany, Spain, U.K.) and one from the other 10. [...]
[...] The council of the European Union Role and Status The council of the European Union is the main lawmaking branch. Its the most powerful branch, the center of political control. The council of Ministers is the place where the interests of individual member states are advanced. The presidency of the Council is very important Composition There is one representative from each member state. These members are government ministers, but change with the agenda (e.g. agriculture ministers come to agriculture meetings). [...]
[...] There are an extra employees working in scientific and other research at various locations. The "bureaucracy" is relatively small compared to "civil services" of the states. Powers The Commission has the initiative power, it is able to make the proposals to the Council. It also has the power to make implementation, actually carrying out Council legislature and the supervision one (of compliance with EU treaties by the states) The future of the commission There have always been two commissioners from each of the most heavily populated Member States and one commissioner from each of the other EU countries. [...]
[...] The Court is assisted by eight "advocates-general". Their role is to present reasoned opinions on the cases brought before the Court. They must do so publicly and impartially. The judges and advocates-general are either former members of the highest national courts or highly competent lawyers who can be relied on to show impartiality. They are appointed by joint agreement of the governments of the member states. Each is appointed for a term of six years, after which they may be reappointed for one or two further periods of three years. [...]
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